Everything you need to know about blood disorders
What is Hemostasis? Hemostasis is the process of how the body stops bleeding from a cut or injury. This involves forming a clot to close the hole in the blood vessel and repairing the blood vessel. When a blood vessel is injured, platelets stick together to form a plug. Proteins, called clotting factors, interact to form a fibrin mesh to […]
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Pediatric hematology has emerged as a specialized science with age-specific reference ranges that correlate with the hematopoietic, immunologic and chemical changes in a developing child. A newborn represents the culmination of developmental events from conception and implantation through organogenesis. The embryo requires red cells for the transport of maternal oxygen to permit this growth and development. Birth brings dramatic changes […]
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Introduction: Amyloidosis is the name for a group of rare, serious conditions caused by a build-up of amyloid in organs and tissues throughout the body. Amyloid is an abnormal insoluble protein that is produced in the bone marrow and can be deposited in any tissue or organ. The build-up of the amyloid proteins (deposits) can make it difficult for the […]
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The NOACs are new oral anticoagulants, or sometimes called non-vitamin K antagonist (VKA) oral anticoagulants (since they are no longer that new). Oral anticoagulants are widely used for long-term prevention and treatment of venous and arterial thromboembolism. Until recently, vitamin K antagonists, such as warfarin, were the only available oral anticoagulants. This situation changed with the recent introduction of the […]
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Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder in which patients have autoantibodies to phospholipid-bound proteins (eg, beta2-glycoprotein I, prothrombin, annexin A5). The pathophysiology is not precisely known. Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) is an important recognised cause of acquired treatable thrombophilia. It is characterised by the core clinical manifestations of thrombosis in both venous and arterial circulation resulting in recurrent thrombotic […]
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What is Castleman Disease? Castleman disease (CD) is a rare disease of lymph nodes and related tissues. It was first described by Dr. Benjamin Castleman in the 1950s. It is also known as Castleman’s disease, giant lymph node hyperplasia, and angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (AFH). Castleman disease is not cancer. Instead, it is called a nonclonal lymphoproliferative disorder. This means there […]
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Clinical research is medical research involving people. There are two types, clinical studies, and clinical trials. Clinical studies (sometimes called observational studies) observe people in normal settings. Researchers gather information, group volunteers according to broad characteristics, and compare changes over time. For example, researchers may collect data through medical exams, tests, or questionnaires about a group of older adults […]
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Hematology is the study of blood and blood disorders. This article will explain some of the more common hematology tests and what purpose they serve. Hematology tests include tests on the blood, blood proteins and blood-producing organs. Hematological tests can help diagnose anemia, infection, hemophilia, blood-clotting disorders, and leukemia. The components of human blood include: Plasma. This is the liquid component of […]
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Tumor immunology describes the interaction between cells of the immune system with tumor cells. Understanding the role of the immune system in the progression and development of cancer is important for the development of new therapies for cancer treatment. Tumor Antigens: The question of whether human tumors express antigens that can be recognized by the immune system has been answered with a resounding […]
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Bone marrow examination refers to the pathologic analysis of samples of bone marrow obtained by bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy (often called a trephine biopsy). Bone marrow is soft, gelatinous tissue that fills the medullary cavities, the centers of bones. The two types of bone marrow are red bone marrow, known as myeloid tissue, and yellow bone marrow, or fatty tissue. Bone marrow contains […]
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