Category: Lymphomas

An effective approach to lymphocytosis is essential for accurate diagnosis and timely management in hematology. Lymphocytosis, defined as an increased lymphocyte count in the peripheral blood, can be reactive to infection, inflammatory states, or stress, but it may also signal underlying hematologic malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or other lymphoproliferative disorders. A structured evaluation helps clinicians differentiate between […]

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What is Castleman Disease? Castleman disease (CD) is a rare disease of lymph nodes and related tissues. It was first described by Dr. Benjamin Castleman in the 1950s. It is also known as Castleman’s disease, giant lymph node hyperplasia, and angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (AFH). Castleman disease is not cancer. Instead, it is called a nonclonal lymphoproliferative disorder. This means there […]

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Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (WM), also known as Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma is an indolent B-cell malignancy in which there is a proliferation of small lymphocytes with some plasmacytoid differentiation. This rare form of blood cancer is characterized by an excess of abnormal white blood cells called lymphoplasmacytic cells in the bone marrow and overproduction of a protein called IgM. Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia is clinically more […]

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Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) refers to a diverse group of hematologic malignancies characterised by the clonal proliferation of lymphoid cells arising in the lymphatic system, including the lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen, liver, and gastrointestinal tract. The majority of non-Hodgkin lymphomas are of B-cell origin, while a smaller subset arises from T-cell or natural killer (NK) cell lineages. The pathogenesis of […]

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Hodgkin’s Disease (Hodgkin Lymphoma) is a malignant neoplasm that usually arises in a lymph node. It results from the clonal transformation of cells of B-cell origin, giving rise to pathognomonic binucleated Reed-Sternberg cells (RS cells). The nature of the malignant RS cell remains uncertain. Clonally integrated Epstein-Barr virus is present in the RS cells in about 40% of cases. The cause […]

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