Ask Hematologist | Understand Hematology
Everything you need to know about blood disorders
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare hematologic disorder characterised by persistent eosinophilia in the peripheral blood, typically with an absolute eosinophil count greater than 1.5 × 10⁹/L, leading to organ damage or dysfunction caused by eosinophil-mediated inflammation and tissue infiltration. Unlike secondary eosinophilia due to parasitic infection, allergy, drug reaction, or autoimmune disease, HES is idiopathic or clonal in nature […]
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Large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia is a chronic lymphoproliferative disorder that exhibits an unexplained, chronic (> 6 months) elevation in large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) in the peripheral blood. Large granular lymphocytic leukemia is an uncommon condition also described as CD8 lymphocytosis with neutropenia or T-lymphoproliferative disease. Peripheral blood lymphocytosis comprises cells with round or oval nuclei with moderately condensed chromatin and rare […]
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Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an indolent, low-grade, B-cell lymphoma characterized by the following: Circulating B-cells with cytoplasmic projections (“hairy” appearance). Splenomegaly. Absent lymphadenopathy. Pancytopenia. Monocytopenia. Hairy cell leukemia is relatively uncommon and accounts for 2% of all leukemia cases, which is about 600-800 new patients diagnosed each year in the USA. It has an extremely low incidence in Japan. The […]
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Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is a low-grade B-cell lymphoproliferative malignancy characterized by the accumulation of small, mature lymphocytes in the blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen. It represents the most common form of leukemia in adults across the Western world and often presents with lymphocytosis, lymphadenopathy, or incidental findings on routine blood tests. CLL is classified under ICD-10 code […]
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Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), also known as acute myelogenous leukemia, is an aggressive hematologic malignancy characterised by the uncontrolled proliferation of myeloblasts in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. This abnormal growth leads to a failure of normal hematopoiesis, with hematopoietic precursors arrested at an early stage of differentiation. AML is diagnosed when blast cells exceed 20% of bone marrow […]
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Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a malignant proliferation of lymphoblasts in the blood and bone marrow. The disease is usually rapidly progressive if untreated. The incidence of ALL peaks in childhood and then remains relatively constant at lower levels throughout adult life. Two-thirds of all ALL cases occur in children, with a peak incidence at age 2 to 5 years; […]
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Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), also known as chronic myelogenous leukaemia, is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by increased proliferation of the granulocytic cell line without losing its capacity to differentiate. Chronic myeloid leukaemia ICD-10 code is C91. 10. Aetiology: In chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) there is a malignant transformation of the multipotential hematopoietic stem cells (pluripotent stem cells). There are excessive cells in […]
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